Celtic Influence

•  The number of Celtic loanwords is of a remarkably lower order than

·      Celtic influence is mainly seen in place-names in England: Arden,    Avon, Exe, Leeds, and Severn

·         There are hundreds of compound names which contain a Celtic component

·      These include features of the landscape, such as cumb/comb 'deep valley'

·         dun 'hill fort'

·         lin `lake'

·         several words for 'hill' – torr, pen, crug, bre

·   The Celtic element is italicized in the following selection: Berkshire, Bray, Bredon, Cambridge, Carlisle, Cirencester, Doncaster, Gloucester, Ilfracombe, Lancaster, Leicester, Lincoln, Malvern, Manchester, Penkridge, Penzance, Wiltshire, Winchester, Worcester